大气颗粒物对阿尔茨海默病的影响及其潜在作用机制研究进展

Research progress on effect of ambient particulate matters on Alzheimer's disease and potential mechanisms

  • 摘要: 随着人口老龄化进程不断加快,阿尔茨海默病等痴呆症的患病率及疾病负担逐年攀升。作为痴呆症的重要危险因素之一,空气污染仍是当下亟须解决的全球性问题,其主要组成之一的大气颗粒物与阿尔茨海默病等痴呆症的关联性研究也逐渐成为行业研究热点。本文梳理了目前相关的流行病学和毒理学研究证据,阐明大气颗粒物暴露通过炎症反应、氧化应激、内分泌紊乱、兴奋性神经毒性、胶质细胞激活以及肠道菌群紊乱等途径诱导和加重阿尔茨海默病的可能机制,为进一步减轻大气颗粒物所带来的中枢神经系统健康风险并防治阿尔茨海默病提供线索。

     

    Abstract: With the accelerating aging of world population, the prevalence and disease burden of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease is increasing annually. As one of the major risk factors for dementia, air pollution is still an urgent global concern. Studies on the association between ambient particulate matter (PM), one of the major air pollutants, and dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease, are gaining attention. This paper reviewed the current evidence of relevant epidemiological and toxicological studies to illustrate the possible mechanisms underlying the effects of PM exposure on Alzheimer's disease through inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, excitatory neurotoxicity, glial cell activation, and intestinal flora disruption, which may provide clues for mitigating the health risks of air pollution and preventing Alzheimer's disease.

     

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