长期低浓度苯接触的遗传损伤作用

熊晓芸; 姜秋霞; 韩磊; 朱宝立

doi:10.13213/j.cnki.jeom.2014.0027

长期低浓度苯接触的遗传损伤作用

Genetic Damage by Long-Term Exposure to Low Concentrations of Benzene

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨长期低浓度苯接触的遗传损伤作用。

方法采用气相色谱法检测和评价工作场所空气中苯浓度;对苯接触组116人和对照组62人进行血常规检测、外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析以及微核率检测。

结果工作场所空气中苯浓度为<0.033~1.898 mg/m³,低于我国苯职业接触限值时间加权平均容许浓度(PC-TWA)=6 mg/m³;短时间接触容许浓度(PC-STEL)=10 mg/m³)。苯接触组白细胞计数为(4.70& #177;1.02)& #215;10⁹/L,低于对照组(6.58& #177;1.61)& #215;10⁹/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且与苯接触工龄呈负相关(r=-0.993,P<0.01);苯接触组和对照组染色体畸变率和微核率相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且均与苯接触工龄呈正相关(r=0.289、0.616,P<0.01),与白细胞计数呈负相关(r=-0.306、-0.645,P<0.01)。

结论长期低浓度苯接触可造成细胞遗传损伤。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the genetic damage of long-term low concentrations of benzene exposure.

Methods The air concentrations of benzene at workplaces were measured and evaluated by gas chromatography.Blood routine test,chromosomal aberration,and micronucleus assays of peripheral blood lymphocyte in an exposed group (n=116) and a control group (n=62) were performed.

Results The air concentrations of benzene in the selected workplaces were <0.033-1.898 mg/m³,lowerthan the national occupational exposure limit of benzene (permissible concentration-time weighted average,PC-TWA=6 mg/m³;permissible concentration-short term exposure limit,PC-STEL=10 mg/m³).The average white blood cell (WBC) count in the exposedgroup was (4.70& #177;1.02)& #215;109/L,lower than that of the control group(6.58& #177;1.61)& #215;109/L(P<0.01),and also negativelycorrelated with length of service (r=-0.993,P<0.01).The chromosomal aberration rate and the micronucleus rate in the exposedgroup and the control group showed significant differences (P<0.05),and were positively correlated with length of service (r=0.289,0.616;P<0.01) and negatively correlated with WBC count (r=-0.306,-0.645;P<0.01).

Conclusion Long-term exposure tolow concentrations of benzene at work can cause cytogenetic damage effect in exposed workers.

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