Abstract: Diabetes can deteriorate the ability to adjust body temperature under extreme conditions so that the risk of cold damage or thermal damage would increase in diabetic patients exposed to extreme temperatures. Diabetes may also delay the ability to repair temporary noise-induced hearing loss and aggravate permanent noise-induced hearing loss. Animal experiments show that the damages of blood brain barrier induced by electromagnetic fields increase in diabetic rats. The action mechanisms of diabetes patients deteriorating the adverse health effects induced by environmental physical factors are related to oxidative stress, sweating disorders, and abnormal blood flow. Specific policies are warranted for protection of diabetic patients from environmental physical factors.