Research Progress on Health Impact of Low Dose Radiation after Nuclear Events

Nuclear energy, safety, and health have become of the public concern after Fukushima nuclear accident. For the accident, low-dose radionuclides are long-standing in the environment, and the change of environmental radiation background may affect the health conditions of local residents. Multiple epidemiological studies on residents' health conditions after the event and animal studies on low level radiation exposure have been reported. This article focused on the dose threshold of low dose radiation, absorbing and distribution of radionuclides in human body, molecular mechanism of radionuclides' carcinogenicity, and dose-effect extrapolation model. Research progress of epidemiological studies on residents' health conditions after other nuclear events was also reviewed.