Objective To examine the changes of peripheral hemogram in benzene exposure workers and to explore related risk factors.
Methods The blood routine examination and interview with constructed questionnaire of 1 172 respondents were acquired, constituent ratio and rate were compared by trend chi-square and Fisher's exact test, and potential risk factors of leukopenia were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and stepwise logistic regression with ordinal variables.
Results With the increase of benzene exposure concentration and seniority, the white blood cells (WBC) abnormal rate went up (P<0.01), and the WBC volatility and reduction rate also went up (P<0.01). The WBC counts were varied by exposure concentration, gender, seniority, age, smoking, and drinking habit (P<0.05). Benzene exposure concentration, age, seniority, smoking habit, other chemicals in the workplace, and projects with severe pollution in residential environment entered the logistic equation with statistical significance (P<0.05).
Conclusion WBC count is a sensitive hematotoxicity index. Increased benzene exposure concentration, extended seniority, age ≥45 years, chemicals such as formaldehyde presented in the workplace, and projects with severe pollution in residential environment could increase the risk of WBC count reduction, and smoking could elevate WBC count.
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