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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
Iodine is an essential microelement and a key component of thyroid hormone. A long period of lacking iodine may cause iodine deficiency disorders. This review introduced the background of universal salt iodization, the effects of iodine on human health, and related evaluation criteria. At present, the iodine nutrition of Chinese residents is on an appropriate level, and the risks of both iodine deficiency and excess are relatively low.
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