Progress on occupational and environmental risk factors of bladder cancer
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common tumor of uropoietic system and the incidence in man is higher than that in women. In China, the in cidence rate of bladder cancer increases in recent years. Various factors are associated and the mechanism of carcinogenesis is complicate. The recognized risk factors for bladder cancer include elevated concentrations of arsenic in drinking water, Schistosoma haematobium infection, and occupational exposure to arylamine and other carcinogens. Other potential factors include cigarette smoking, pioglitazone using for type 2 diabetes mellitus, family history, and genetic predisposition of specific low penetrance. This paper reviewed occupational and environmental risk factors of bladder cancer, aiming to provide valuable information for health education program, active prevention for bladder cancer, and risk factors control.
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