Research progress on immunotoxicities induced by perfluorooctanoic acid
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a new type of persistent organic pollutant, and has been highly concerned by researchers in recent years due to its features such as degradationresistance, high bioaccumulation, and long-distance environmental migration. PFOA can produce toxic effects on the immune system. This paper reviewed the studied immune toxicities at home and abroad of PFOA to mice, zebrafish, and monkeys, including the nonspecific immune function of natural killer cells, specific immune function of humoral immunity and cellular immunity, and immune factors of interleukin family, and the relationships of PFOA with ulcerative colitis, childhood asthma, and infant immune related diseases. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms of mitochondrial apoptosis and TNFα/NF-κB pathway were summarized. The complex immune toxicities of PFOA due to species difference and the uncertainty of research data grant further research to systematically understand its immune toxicities and related molecular mechanisms; besides, it is of more practical significance in revealing the risk of PFOA to human beings by simulating and studying the long-term and chronic human exposure level in real life.
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