Effects of silver nanoparticles on central nervous system and its mechanisms: A review of recent studies
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
Due to the excellent physical, chemical, and biological properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely applied in the felds of textles, cosmetcs, and health care, involving all aspects of daily life. However, AgNPs have a small particle size and can enter the central nervous system through various routes and accumulate therein, thereby affecting the normal physiological functions of the central nervous system. This paper summarized the routes of AgNPs entering the central nervous system, including passing through the blood-brain barrier and the olfactory nerve pathway; briefly described the effects of AgNPs on the central nervous system such as interfering with the normal physiological functon of nerve cells and tssues and the neurobehaviors of individual organisms; and summarized related mechanisms:affecting gene expression and causing cell apoptosis, inducing cellular oxidative stress, and destroying interneuronal connectons. Finally, the paper raised existng problems in studies linking AgNPs to neurotoxicity and future development trend, aiming to provide insights and reference for the development of AgNPs toxicology.
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