Advances on anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of phytochemical garcinol
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Abstract
Garcinol is the principle bioactive compound derived from the rind of the fruiting bodies of Garcinia indica. Its structure is polyprenylated benzophenone. A variety of studies have shown that it has anti-cancer effects on head and neck cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, and other tumors, and such effects may be related to anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, cell proliferation suppression, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of autophagy. Studies have shown a variety of signaling pathways related to inflammation and tumors:NF-κB, STAT, Akt, Wnt, MAPK, and COX, for instance, are involved in the anti-cancer effects of garcinol. Available studies have shown that garcinol can be a promising anti-tumor drug because of its high anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity to normal cells; however, more in vitro and animal experiments of related cancers are necessary to lay the foundation for its drug research and development and clinical application.
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