Objective To explore the application of different levels of health education measures among construction workers, to study its intervention effect and to provide evidence for focused health education policy.
Methods A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among construction workers in 6 construction sites of Huangpu District of Shanghai by random sampling, and different levels of health education measures were applied (the higher the intervention level was, the more multiform and professionalized intervention measures were applied). After 6 months, a follow-up was conducted to analyze the variation of KAP status among construction workers.
Results A group of 594 workers were surveyed before intervention, and 352 workers were followed-up after 6 months, with the follow-up rate of 59.3%. Among the construction workers with some pre-intervention knowledge, the variation of HIV-related knowledge showed no statistical difference, but among those with less pre-intervention knowledge, the variation showed statistical difference in construction sites with three intervention levels (P ≤ 0.001). Before intervention the awareness rate of HIV-related knowledge was as low as 62.2%, with no statistical difference among different intervention levels. After intervention the rates rose and showed statistical differences (F=20.3, P < 0.001), with the highest rate of 73.6% in the construction sites with high intervention level. Before intervention there was no statistical difference of the attitudes toward HIV carriers among different intervention levels. After intervention the acceptance rate of "sympathetic" view increased and that of "afraid" and "disgusting" views decreased, with statistical differences ("sympathetic":χ2=17.7, P < 0.05; "afraid":χ2=16.8, P < 0.05; "disgusting":χ2=16.2, P < 0.05). The views between construction sites with high and medium intervention levels had more changes. However, the proportion of people using condoms every time they had sex did not change much.
Conclusion It's feasible and effective to influence the knowledge and attitude of construction workers by using multiple health education measures. We should apply strongly focused interventions, and intervene repeatedly to improve the HIV-related knowledge as well as attitude and perception, and to protect the health of construction workers.
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